Origins of Progressivism - How was Populism a forerunner to Progressivism?
Directions: For all of the following people, laws, etc. – provide a 1-2 sentence description/explanation that identifies the importance of the term.
Muckrakers - Upton Sinclair - He was the author of The Jungle; undercover journalist; worked to expose unsanitary conditions of the meat factory. Thus, inspiring the food and drug act. - Jacob Riis - He wrote How the Other Half Lives, talked about how the poor lived and compared them to the wealthy. - Lincoln Steffens - He wrote The Shame of the Cities to expose the corruption of the political bosses/machines. - Ida Tarbell - She was an investigative journalist and worked against the oil industries. She single-handedly tried to take it down because her father was fired from his job. She wrote The History of the Standard Oil Company - Henry Demarest Lloyd - He wrote articles for the Atlantic Monthly about the Standard Oil Company and the Railroads - Theodore Dreiser -He wrote The Financier and The Titan to portray the ruthlessness of the industrialists.
Political Reforms - Australian Secret Ballot - Voters printed their votes in a private booth. - Direct Primary - The voters could vote for people who are going to run to be able to directly elect senators into the house instead of the legislature. - Initiative - Voters could compel the legislature to consider a bill. - Referendum - Citizens could vote on proposed laws printed on their ballot. - Recall - Voters could remove a corrupt or unsatifactory politician from office by majority vote - 17th Amendment - Senators are required to be elected by popular vote.
Prohibition/Temperance - 18th Amendment - Alcohol was completely banned. - Frances Willard - She was a woman suffragist and was in favor of banning alcohol.
Women’s Suffrage - Seneca Falls Convention - Men and women met up to discuss the issues on women's suffrage and rights to vote. - Susan B. Anthony - She was one of the most prominent suffragists and she reimbersed the continued efforts for women's rights - Alice Paul - She formed the National Woman's Party. - Carrie Chapman Catt - She was the president of the NAWSA. She tried to get women to activly care for families in the industrial age. - NAWSA - National American Women's Suffrage Assosiaion - It was a program for women in the suffrage era that wanted more rights. - 19th Amendment - This amendment gaurenteed women's right to vote at the local, state, and national level.
African Americans - Booker T. Washington - He argued that blacks needed education and economic progress. He stressed learning about industrial skills. - W.E.B. DuBois - He believed that social and politcal were a prerequisite for economic independence. - NAACP - (Nation Association for the Advancement of Colored People) They wanted to abolish all forms of segregation and increase opportunities for education for all African American children. - Atlanta Exposition - Booker T. Washington made a speech there for a prominently white audience in 1895. It has been recognized as one of the most important and influential speeches in American history.
Progressive Presidents: Teddy Roosevelt - Square Deal - Neither business nor labor was favored. Conservatoin of national resources, consumer protection, and control of corporations were domestic programs formed to help middle classes. - Northern Securities Company -It was a combination of railroads. It was a trust that Roosevelt wanted to stop. - Elkins Act - 1903, the ICC had the authority to stop from granting rebates to favored customers. - Hepburn Act - 1906, the ICC could fix just and reasonable rates for the railroads. - Pure Food and Drug Act - It forbade the manufacture, sale, and transportation of mislabeled foods and drugs. - Forest Reserve Act - It saved 150 million acres were set aside for a nation reserve that could not be sold to private interest. - Newlands Reclamation Act - It was a law providing money from the sale of public land for irrigation projects in western states.
Progressive Presidents: William Howard Taft - 16th Amendment - It was ratified by the states in 1913. It authorized the U.S. government to collect income tax. - Mann-Elkins Act - It gave the ICC power to suspend new railroad rates, and oversea telephone, telegraph, and cable companies. - Payne-Aldrich Act - Taft raised the Tariff on most imports.
Progressive Presidents: Woodrow Wilson - Election of 1912 - Wilson was a Democrat that was elected as president. The Republicans nominated Taft, the Socialist Party nominated Eugene Debs, and the Progressive-Republicans nominated Roosevelt. Chafin was a Prohibitionist candidate, and Reimer was a Socialist Labor candidate. - Underwood Tariff - 1913, it lowered the tariff substantially for the first time in over 50 years. - Federal Reserve Act - 1914, Congress purchased American goods and services using federal reserve notes or dollar bills, making it the federally regulated banking system. - Clayton Anti-Trust Act - It strengthened the Sherman Anti-Trust Act. It also exempted unions from being prosecuted as trusts. - Child Labor Act - It prohibited shipment in interstate commerce of products manufactured by children under the age of 14.
Other - Eugene V. Debs - He was a founder of the Socialist Party and was an outspoken critic of business and a champion of labor. He was the party's candidate for 5 elections. - Jane Addams - She was the first woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. She founded the Hull House and was a public philosopher and a woman suffragist.
Origins of Progressivism
- How was Populism a forerunner to Progressivism?
Directions: For all of the following people, laws, etc. – provide a 1-2 sentence description/explanation that identifies the importance of the term.
Muckrakers
- Upton Sinclair - He was the author of The Jungle; undercover journalist; worked to expose unsanitary conditions of the meat factory. Thus, inspiring the food and drug act.
- Jacob Riis - He wrote How the Other Half Lives, talked about how the poor lived and compared them to the wealthy.
- Lincoln Steffens - He wrote The Shame of the Cities to expose the corruption of the political bosses/machines.
- Ida Tarbell - She was an investigative journalist and worked against the oil industries. She single-handedly tried to take it down because her father was fired from his job. She wrote The History of the Standard Oil Company
- Henry Demarest Lloyd - He wrote articles for the Atlantic Monthly about the Standard Oil Company and the Railroads
- Theodore Dreiser -He wrote The Financier and The Titan to portray the ruthlessness of the industrialists.
Political Reforms
- Australian Secret Ballot - Voters printed their votes in a private booth.
- Direct Primary - The voters could vote for people who are going to run to be able to directly elect senators into the house instead of the legislature.
- Initiative - Voters could compel the legislature to consider a bill.
- Referendum - Citizens could vote on proposed laws printed on their ballot.
- Recall - Voters could remove a corrupt or unsatifactory politician from office by majority vote
- 17th Amendment - Senators are required to be elected by popular vote.
Prohibition/Temperance
- 18th Amendment - Alcohol was completely banned.
- Frances Willard - She was a woman suffragist and was in favor of banning alcohol.
Women’s Suffrage
- Seneca Falls Convention - Men and women met up to discuss the issues on women's suffrage and rights to vote.
- Susan B. Anthony - She was one of the most prominent suffragists and she reimbersed the continued efforts for women's rights
- Alice Paul - She formed the National Woman's Party.
- Carrie Chapman Catt - She was the president of the NAWSA. She tried to get women to activly care for families in the industrial age.
- NAWSA - National American Women's Suffrage Assosiaion - It was a program for women in the suffrage era that wanted more rights.
- 19th Amendment - This amendment gaurenteed women's right to vote at the local, state, and national level.
African Americans
- Booker T. Washington - He argued that blacks needed education and economic progress. He stressed learning about industrial skills.
- W.E.B. DuBois - He believed that social and politcal were a prerequisite for economic independence.
- NAACP - (Nation Association for the Advancement of Colored People) They wanted to abolish all forms of segregation and increase opportunities for education for all African American children.
- Atlanta Exposition - Booker T. Washington made a speech there for a prominently white audience in 1895. It has been recognized as one of the most important and influential speeches in American history.
Progressive Presidents: Teddy Roosevelt
- Square Deal - Neither business nor labor was favored. Conservatoin of national resources, consumer protection, and control of corporations were domestic programs formed to help middle classes.
- Northern Securities Company -It was a combination of railroads. It was a trust that Roosevelt wanted to stop.
- Elkins Act - 1903, the ICC had the authority to stop from granting rebates to favored customers.
- Hepburn Act - 1906, the ICC could fix just and reasonable rates for the railroads.
- Pure Food and Drug Act - It forbade the manufacture, sale, and transportation of mislabeled foods and drugs.
- Forest Reserve Act - It saved 150 million acres were set aside for a nation reserve that could not be sold to private interest.
- Newlands Reclamation Act - It was a law providing money from the sale of public land for irrigation projects in western states.
Progressive Presidents: William Howard Taft
- 16th Amendment - It was ratified by the states in 1913. It authorized the U.S. government to collect income tax.
- Mann-Elkins Act - It gave the ICC power to suspend new railroad rates, and oversea telephone, telegraph, and cable companies.
- Payne-Aldrich Act - Taft raised the Tariff on most imports.
Progressive Presidents: Woodrow Wilson
- Election of 1912 - Wilson was a Democrat that was elected as president. The Republicans nominated Taft, the Socialist Party nominated Eugene Debs, and the Progressive-Republicans nominated Roosevelt. Chafin was a Prohibitionist candidate, and Reimer was a Socialist Labor candidate.
- Underwood Tariff - 1913, it lowered the tariff substantially for the first time in over 50 years.
- Federal Reserve Act - 1914, Congress purchased American goods and services using federal reserve notes or dollar bills, making it the federally regulated banking system.
- Clayton Anti-Trust Act - It strengthened the Sherman Anti-Trust Act. It also exempted unions from being prosecuted as trusts.
- Child Labor Act - It prohibited shipment in interstate commerce of products manufactured by children under the age of 14.
Other
- Eugene V. Debs - He was a founder of the Socialist Party and was an outspoken critic of business and a champion of labor. He was the party's candidate for 5 elections.
- Jane Addams - She was the first woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. She founded the Hull House and was a public philosopher and a woman suffragist.